Lesotho

Lesotho is a small mountainous country in Southern Africa, entirely surrounded by South Africa. Known as the "Kingdom in the Sky" for its elevation, it is the only country in the world entirely above 1,400 meters (4,593 feet) above sea level.

Its history dates back to the indigenous San people, followed by Bantu migrations in the 15th century. In the 19th century, King Moshoeshoe I unified local tribes and founded the Kingdom of the Basotho, successfully resisting Boer invasions. In 1868, Lesotho became a British protectorate to safeguard its territory, gaining independence in 1966.

Today, Lesotho is a parliamentary monarchy with a culture deeply rooted in Basotho traditions. Its economy relies on agriculture, mining, and increasingly on its water resources, thanks to its rivers and dams.